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The term 'disinfection' in the context of cosmetology specifically refers to the process of killing harmful bacteria on instruments. This is crucial for maintaining a safe and sterile environment for both clients and service providers. Disinfection goes beyond mere cleaning and aims to eliminate or reduce pathogens that can cause infections or spread diseases.

While removal of dirt and impurities is related to cleanliness, it does not directly address the microbial threats that disinfection targets. Washing with soap and water is an essential hygiene practice, but it primarily serves to clean surfaces rather than providing a reliable means of killing bacteria. Using heat to sterilize tools falls under the category of sterilization, which is a more rigorous process than disinfection, capable of killing all forms of microorganisms. Therefore, the focus of disinfection is on effectively reducing harmful bacteria to ensure safe practices in cosmetology settings.